09 April 2009

My first sighting


On the 7th of April we left the harbour of Galaxidi early in the morning, with calm waters and cold temperatures. You could feel much silence and concentration on board. In our first attempt we sighted a group of dolphins far away, but they disapeared by the time we got there. But after two and a half hours we spotted a group of thirteen bottlenose dolphins (including two calves and one juvenile). This was the first dolphin sighting in my life and I can just say that it was amazing. The dolphins were awesome and not shy at all!

I must say that at the beginning I was quite nervous, as predicted, but I tried to keep calm and do my best to carry out all my duties. I tried to do everything to the best of my abilities. I felt really excited but at the same time I could feel the responsibility of memorising the behaviour and always keep an eye on the dolphins.

I really enjoyed my first survey and I’m sure I’ll never forget it. I feel really lucky and grateful to have this unique opportunity of learning and being able to share with my colleagues Silvia, Joan and Giovanni the development of this new project in the Gulf of Corinth. I really believe in the aims of this project and I’m glad to be here and to be part of it from the begining.

I can´t wait until tomorrow to find the dolphins again! I hope that the next time I will be the first to spot them, that would be wonderful.

Aina Pascual Cuadras

07 April 2009

6,000 good news


The threatened Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) population seems to be healthier than previously thought, at least in one place.

The species is globally threatened by mortality in fishing gear, vessel strikes, habitat loss and degradation, and it has been classified as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List.

Unexpectedly, researchers from the Wildlife Conservation Society have recently estimated that nearly 6,000 of these cetaceans live in freshwater regions of Sundarbans mangrove forest and adjacent waters of the Bay of Bengal, in Bangladesh.

The study, published in the Journal of Cetacean Research and Management, highlights that there is at least one place in the world where Irrawaddy dolphins are found in relatively large numbers.

Silvia Bonizzoni

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Photo by WCS

For more information:
http://www.wcs.org
http://www.sciencedaily.com
http://www.independent.co.uk

05 April 2009

The End of the Line


A feature documentary film revealing the impact of overfishing on our oceans. The film shows firsthand the effects of our global love affair with fish as food.

It examines the imminent extinction of bluefin tuna, brought on by increasing western demand for sushi; the impact on marine life resulting in huge overpopulation of jellyfish; and the profound implications of a future world with no fish that would bring certain mass starvation.

Filmed across the world – from the Straits of Gibraltar to the coasts of Senegal and Alaska to the Tokyo fish market – featuring top scientists, indigenous fishermen and fisheries enforcement officials, The End of the Line is a wake-up call to the world.

In the film's web site http://endoftheline.com/ you can preview excellent video shots, waiting for the film to be released.

The web site also allows you to claim your bit of ocean - it's a nice idea and a smart way of making the point.

GB

04 April 2009

Sea lions and marine debris


The Alaska Department of Fish and Game with Sea Gypsy Research produced an educational video called ‘Entanglement of Steller sea lions in marine debris: identifying causes and finding solutions’.

The video describes how Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) become entangled and - most of the time - dye for this reason, which are the most common sources of entangling debris, and what one could do to help reduce the number of entanglements.

These animals are threatened because of us and unfortunately this problem is not only related to sea lions but affects any marine animals such as cetaceans, elasmobranchs, pinnipeds, sea-turtles, marine birds, and big fishes.

As the video says: “... Since many of us live near some types of waterway, enjoy eating seafood and use plastic materials, we all contribute to the problem... Let’s be part of the solution!”

SB

The video (11 min. long)

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For more information:
http://marinedebris.noaa.gov/
http://coastalmanagement.noaa.gov/marine_deb.html

31 March 2009

Book of the Month: April 2009


Marine Mammal Research: Conservation Beyond Crisis

by J.E. Reynolds, J.E. Reynolds III, W.F. Perrin, R.R. Reeves, S. Montgomery, T.J. Ragen

2005

The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

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Marine mammal conservation presents a number of challenges for scientists and other stakeholders, especially using natural resources in ways that avoid crisis management. Scientists play the special role of providing vital information to decision makers to help them understand long-term consequences of their actions and avoid crises before they develop. The contributors to this visionary work look beyond the current crises to present a compelling argument about how science, if conducted properly, can provide insights that minimize crisis management and implement more anticipatory actions. Despite the significant reduction of marine mammal harvesting, stocks of some species remain greatly reduced or are in decline. This volume provides an overview of the current state of marine mammal populations and identifies the major obstacles facing marine mammal conservation, including fisheries, sonar and other noise pollution, disease, contaminants, algal booms, and habitat loss. The contributors chart a scientifically-supported plan to direct marine management toward a well-defined recovery protocol. This comprehensive resource will be indispensable for marine mammal biologists, oceanographers, conservation program managers, government regulators, policy makers, and anyone who is concerned about the future of these captivating species. (Review from Google)

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James Mead, from the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, said “This book deserves prominent placement on the shelf of anyone who cares about the future of marine mammals. It covers all the major conservation issues of our day and defines a research agenda that should be embraced wherever marine mammals occur. A worthy successor to Twiss and Reeves, we bow have Marine Mammal Research as our touchstone for the challenges that face us.”

30 March 2009

Tethys planet


Image sent by Massimo Demma.

(click to enlarge)

29 March 2009

Ionian Dolphin Project: 2009 research gets started


From April the Ionian Dolphin Project at Galaxidi, Gulf of Corinth, will start its first research season. We are all excited about getting out with our boat and collecting data in this area, which is new to us.

Work in the Amvrakikos Gulf and around Kalamos will start later on, from early May.

The Blog will keep you updated about the developments!

(click on image to expand)

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Ionian Dolphin Project

'Delphi's Dolphins' research courses

27 March 2009

Talking about swordfish...


The editorial ‘When swordfish conservation biologists eat swordfish’ editorial published in Conservation Biology by Tethys president Giovanni Bearzi is receiving considerable attention.

A number of blogs - including 'The Great Beyond' by the journal Nature - are discussing the opinions stated in the essay.

Some of the readers commented:

Giovanni here is talking about a real, widespread issue and he has hit the nail on the head. Being a conservation biologist myself I am appalled at how some ecologists leave their passion for conservation behind at the office. When i have confronted friends or colleagues about their questionable practices, the response has been "oh, just one person can't make a difference". As scientists, we need to distinguish ourselves from flag-waving environmentalists, but we still need to apply the same principles to ourselves that we are preaching.

and

This essay stands out as more inquisitive and though-provoking than nearly any other.

But not everybody liked it:

This proposal is just absurd. No one looks to scientists for advice on how to live their lives - not even other scientists!

So it appears that the editorial generated some wavelets, and people are at least reading it...

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The editorial:
Bearzi G. 2009. When swordfish conservation biologists eat swordfish. Conservation Biology 23(1):1-2.

Some blogs:
http://blogs.nature.com/news/thegreatbeyond/2009/01/teaching_conservation_biology.html
http://greenstream.wordpress.com/2009/02/04/can-ecologists-live-ethically/
http://blogfishx.blogspot.com/2008/11/when-swordfish-conservation-biologists.html
http://consblog.org/index.php/2009/01/21/deep-and-shallow-ecology/
http://scienceblogs.com/shiftingbaselines/2009/02/january_wrap_up_shifting_basel.php

26 March 2009

How does one become a cetacean researcher?


READ as much scientific literature as possible, so that you know everything about your own field of investigation (and beyond)

ATTEND marine science and conservation conferences and workshops

GET TO KNOW the key players in person

VISIT cetacean laboratories, universities, NGO headquarters, museums, libraries, research centres, field stations

PARTICIPATE in field courses and expeditions

SUBSCRIBE to e-mail lists such as marmam and ecs-talk

LEARN from your peers

DEVELOP multiple skills that can benefit your work and career

WRITE as much as you can, and develop an appreciation for structure, meaning, synthesis, style... and lack of typos

COMMIT to what you do, and spend much time and effort actually doing it

DO YOUR BEST which probably means: do not get attached to what you did, as there is still much you can do to make it better.


"I have done my best." That is about all the philosophy of living that one needs.
-- Lin-Yutang


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From:
How does one become a cetacean researcher?

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Photo: the late Kenneth S. Norris, world-renowned expert on whales and dolphins

25 March 2009

Don't feed wild dolphins animation


What is a dolphin doing in front of a fireplace with a brown bear, a seagull, another dolphin and two racoons?

He is telling the others 'patients' about his problems, and how it all started...

For me it started with one hit of sardines.
Oooh... Sardines.

That's when I learned to beg.
It was easy to score free fish.
I mean eh, with this dolphin smile... [clicks].
Yeah, it's illegal but no one cares.

I had a monkey on my back and I was "jonesing" for people food...

Hanging out under boats, dodging props and hooks, doing dangerous stuff that I'm ashamed to admit?
Look... I know that I can kick this, if people would just stop feeding me
”.

This animated announcement was produced by a coalition of governmental agencies and private organisations. Through innovative communication, it reminds viewers that feeding wild dolphins or harassing them is illegal and harmful to both dolphins and humans.

Watch the video

Silvia Bonizzoni

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For more information: http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov

24 March 2009

Advise to a finishing student


This is a message I recently wrote to a student who completed her MSc thesis, which I edited a bit.

It contains some general advise and I thought that this might be useful to others in a similar situation, in addition to the two articles linked below.

GB

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We got there, eventually. Quite good this time, but still lots of edits. Style editing is a never-ending process and you are expected to read and read and read, dozens of times, and improve your text every time - something that most people do not do, or do not want to do. Writing well takes tremendous effort, but few realise how important it is. Your written English needs to be improved (as does mine) but what is most important is structure. This is still below perfection, as you note, but quite good considering where we started, your nationality, and the fact that you are still a beginner after all. Personally, I am satisfied with your work and I think that you should be proud of it. What is mandatory now is turning this into something useful (a thesis is not). Whatever you want to do in the future, try to get this published in the best possible journal. The dataset can be improved and more years can be used. Your Summary is certainly the basis of a potentially good publication, and you should go for it. Publications matter, not theses or other unpublished work. So do not stop after the thesis, thinking that you have accomplished something. In science, accomplishing means publishing in refereed journals. Keep hammering the iron until it's hot, as they say in Italy, and start writing your first publication right away. The thesis Summary can be easily edited into an abstract (which you may want to present at the next marine mammal conference). Think about a Title. Write the first sentence of the Methods. Fill in the empty spaces in the Acknowledgements and Literature cited. You will end up with a draft manuscript that can grow and improve every day. And please, never 'like' what you did, at least as long as it isn't truly perfect. The worst offence you can do to your work is falling in love with it, therefore seeing it as something that can't be further improved. Try to see your work as something that can be improved forever, don't get attached to it, and you will become a good writer.

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More:

Clapham P. 2005. Publish or perish. BioScience 55(5):390-391.

Surviving Professional Puberty in Marine Mammalogy: Things Mom and Dad Didn’t Tell You - by John E. Reynolds, III

23 March 2009

The Cove


The movie called 'The Cove' features the attempts of a team of activists, filmmakers and freedivers embarked on a covert mission to penetrate a hidden cove in the small vilage of Taiji (Japan). The mysteries they uncover are only the tip of an iceberg...

This documentary on dolphin captivity issues and dolphin meat consumption won the Audience Award at 2009's Sundance Film Festival.

To see the trailer: http://thecovemovie.com/

SB

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For more information:
http://festival.sundance.org
http://www.salon.com

21 March 2009

Synergy and Partnership in Cetacean Science


Between 14-17 March, Tethys researchers Stefano Agazzi and Joan Gonzalvo participated in the workshop "Synergy and Partnership in Cetacean Science" organized by BlueWorld and held in their headquarters on the island of Losinj, Croatia.

The event was organized in the context of the EC project "NGO Capacity Building for Implementation of Natura 2000 Priority Actions".

In addition to Stefano and Joan, other workshop participants included representatives of Pelagos Cetacean Research Institute (Greece), Morigenos (Slovenia) and the entire BlueWorld team.

The aim of the workshop was to present the current research activities carried out by each organization, share methodologies and approaches, explore future collaboration, exchange experiences and problems faced to affectively translate scientific results into conservation action, and discuss the most effective ways to achieve common conservation goals.

This workshop strengthened the friendship among the participating NGOs with the aim of facilitating exchange of students and collaborators and further cetacean research and conservation in the region.

Joan Gonzalvo

20 March 2009

Sprofondo blu


Mi aggiro per un mercato del pesce di Istanbul sotto una pioggia leggera ma insistente. Saranno una ventina di bancarelle strette tra l’incombere di grossi palazzi anonimi e il mare, una lingua di acqua salata che entra dentro la città, la divide in due e che qui chiamano Haliç, il corno d’oro.

Sui banchi trovo un po’ di tutto; orate d’allevamento, spigole, seppie, calamari, astici, tonni, pesci san Pietro, cozze (che qui mangiano crude con una spruzzata di limone), enormi rombi chiodati e cefali. La testa di un piccolo pesce spada fa capolino da una bancarella, ridotta ad una triste attrazione. La gente passa via veloce, pochi comprano, i venditori confabulano tra di loro. Poco più in là, i gatti e i cani aspettano il cibo che verrà lasciato loro la sera. Ogni prodotto ha il suo cartello con il prezzo scritto a mano. Non viene mai indicata la zona Fao di provenienza. Visto così sembra che il mar Mediterraneo (zona FAO 37) abbondi di pesce e che goda di ottima salute. Quanti dei pesci che ho visto sono stati pescati qui, nelle acque della Turchia? Hanno corpi mollici al tatto, gli occhi sono concavi e spenti, le branchie di rosso hanno solo un labile ricordo. Mi viene il dubbio che arrivino da lontano, da altri mari.

La sera ho fatto un giro per i ristoranti e la scena è stata sempre la stessa. Banchi pieni di pesce esposti lungo le vie di passaggio. Le aragoste tenute vive sul ghiaccio e un’abbondanza colorata di pesci abilmente esposti come oggetti nelle vetrine dei negozi alla moda. Così è impossibile avere una percezione della realtà ovvero che i nostri mari sono vicini al collasso. Stasera posso scegliere tra l’aragosta e il pesce spada, così anche domani e il mese prossimo.

Il problema pesca esiste ed è una questione seria riconosciuta dai ricercatori, dai pescatori e dai governi. In realtà si pesca troppo e nonostante questo il settore ha un decifit economico enorme: secondo l’ultimo rapporto Onu del 2008 raggiunge i cinquanta miliardi di dollari all’anno. I governi sono costretti ad intervenire con fiumi di denaro per tenere la pesca ancora in vita. Quel che è peggio è che il 75% delle zone di pesca è al limite dello sfruttamento, gli stock ittici sono collassati, oggetto di anni di attività intensiva. Tuttavia c’è un paradosso che ha dell’incredibile. Di quello che peschiamo buttiamo via quasi il 30%. 20 milioni di tonnellate di pesce vengono ogni anno ributtate in mare. Il danno è biologico ed economico allo stesso tempo. Il perché di questa pratica insensata lo racconta Fabio Fiorentino del CNR dalle pagine del Venerdì, il settimale de “La Repubblica”.

E’ cambiato il nostro modo di mangiare e ci comportiamo con il cibo come con i vestiti. Scegliamo le specie più pregiate, più costose ma facili da preparare e non importa se arrivano sulle nostre tavole facendo il giro del mondo. Il tonno rosso mediterraneo che finisce nei ristoranti giapponesi con prezzi da gioielleria è probabile che sarà la prima vittima di questo comportamento sconsiderato. Nel 2007 nel Mediterraneo ne sono state pescate 61 mila tonnellate. Il doppio di quello consentito dalla comunità europea. Il timore che questa specie abbia la stessa sorte del merluzzo del nord atlantico è fondato.

Nel 2007 la UE ha stanziato il fondo per la Pesca, 420 milioni di euro per sostenere tutto il settore ittico fino al 2013. Secondo Fiorentino una parte dovrebbe venire utilizzata per iniziare una rivoluzione del settore. Fuori dall’acqua e per sempre i vecchi pescherecci, regolamentare severamente lo strascico e le reti derivanti, favorire la pesca artiginale vicino alle coste e investire nella ricerca di base per produrre tecnologie e metodi di pesca meno impattanti.

Mentre il futuro del mare sarà fuori pericolo solo se aumenteremo le zone protette e le quote di pesca di ogni singolo paese saranno decise con rigore scientifico e non con logiche politiche e commerciali.

Mauro Colla

19 March 2009

Interviste a Tethys


Martedì 17 marzo, Repubblica TV ha dedicato la seconda metà del programma ‘Il cerchio da chiudere’ alle balenottere azzurre e al tema della baleneria.

In studio era presente Fabrizio Borsani, biologo marino dell’ISPRA (Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale), mentre in collegamento telefonico è stato intervistato Simone Panigada, vicepresidente di Tethys.

Borsani ha parlato dell’ecologia della balenottera azzurra e le minacce a cui questo cetaceo è soggetto, Panigada invece ha illustrato le recenti decisioni prese dalla Commissione Baleniera Internazionale (IWC) riguardo al futuro della caccia alle balene.

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Sabato 14 marzo, Radio 24 ha intervistato Sabina Airoldi, ricercatrice di Tethys e direttrice del progetto ‘Balene e delfini nel Santuario Pelagos’, riguardo all'allarme lanciato da Greenpeace sulla notevole diminuzione di cetacei nel Santuario del Mar Ligure.

Airoldi ha chiarito che, dal punto di vista scientifico, i risultati del survey effettuato da Greenpeace in collaborazione con Tethys suggeriscono un calo statisticamente significativo solo nel numero di stenelle striate, ma non delle altre specie di cetacei. Airoldi ha inoltre sottolineato la necessità di monitoraggi più approfonditi. In questo modo si potrà comprendere se la situazione sia effettivamente allarmante o se si tratti solo di fluttuazioni temporanee.

Silvia Bonizzoni

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Il servizio di Repubblica TV: http://tv.repubblica.it

L’intervista di Radio 24: http://www.moebiusonline.eu

Per ulteriori informazioni:
Panigada S., Giannì A., Notarbartolo di Sciara G., Lauriano G. 2009. Abundance of striped dolphins in the Pelagos Sanctuary: insights through line transect surveys. Poster presented at the 23° Conference of the European Cetacean Society in Istanbul, Turkey.